In which year was the IEA established?

The International Energy Agency (IEA) was established in 1974 in response to the 1973 oil crisis, with the goal of enhancing global energy security among its member countries through collective response measures in the face of potential future oil supply disruptions. The year 1974 marked a significant shift in energy policies globally, making it essential for countries to collaborate on energy matters. This context of responding to energy crises defined the IEA’s inception and purpose, solidifying its role as a crucial organization in global energy governance. The other choices do not align with this pivotal event, as they represent years prior to the IEA's actual founding.